Reactions of alkenes - catalytic
hydrogenation
Mechanism of alkene hydrogenation
Mechanism of alkene hydrogenation
Heats of hydrogenation
Alkene stability
Reactions of alkenes
Electrophilic addition
Addition of hydrogen halides
Addition of hydrogen halides
Markovnikov’s rule
Markovnikov’s rule
Markovnikov addition - a regiospecific
reaction
HBr - the peroxide effect
Addition of sulfuric acid
Hydration
The mechanism of the addition
An example
Orientation
Orientation
A more general “rule”
A more general “rule”
Carbocation rearrangements
Addition of halogens
Mechanism of X2 addition
Mechanism of X2 addition
Stereoselective reactions
syn and anti addition
Bromine addition - an anti addition
How can we explain the anti addition?
anti addition
Anti addition but...
The bromonium ion
The bromonium ion
Halohydrin formation
Halohydrin formation
Oxymercuration
Oxymercuration
Dimerization
Free radical addition reactions
ionic vs radical addition
Hydroboration
Hydroboration
Hydroboration
Hydroboration - the mechanism
Hydroboration - the mechanism
Hydroboration - the mechanism
Hydroxylation
Ozonolysis
Ozonolysis
KMnO4 oxidation
Problems
